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ParametersReturnsBackRef

Parameters

func : callable

A Python function or method to integrate (must accept vector inputs). If integrating a vector-valued function, the returned array must have shape (..., len(x)).

a : float

Lower limit of integration.

b : float

Upper limit of integration.

args : tuple, optional

Extra arguments to pass to function, if any.

n : int, optional

Order of quadrature integration. Default is 5.

Returns

val : float

Gaussian quadrature approximation to the integral

none : None

Statically returned value of None

See Also

cumulative_trapezoid

cumulative integration for sampled data

dblquad

double integrals

ode

ODE integrator

odeint

ODE integrator

quad

adaptive quadrature using QUADPACK

quadrature

adaptive Gaussian quadrature

romb

integrators for sampled data

romberg

adaptive Romberg quadrature

simpson

integrators for sampled data

tplquad

triple integrals

Examples

from scipy import integrate
import numpy as np
f = lambda x: x**8
integrate.fixed_quad(f, 0.0, 1.0, n=4)

integrate.fixed_quad(f, 0.0, 1.0, n=5)

print(1/9.0)  # analytical result

integrate.fixed_quad(np.cos, 0.0, np.pi/2, n=4)

integrate.fixed_quad(np.cos, 0.0, np.pi/2, n=5)

np.sin(np.pi/2)-np.sin(0)  # analytical result

Back References

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